Common Causes of Dry Mouth

• Medications: Over 500 medications list dry mouth as a side effect — including antihistamines, antidepressants, blood pressure medications, and diuretics
• Medical conditions: Diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome, HIV/AIDS, Parkinson's disease
• Radiation therapy to the head and neck
• Chemotherapy
• Nerve damage to the head or neck
• Dehydration
• Tobacco and alcohol use
• Mouth breathing
• Aging (though dry mouth is not a normal part of aging)

How Dry Mouth Damages Teeth

Saliva neutralizes the acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. Without adequate saliva, acids attack tooth enamel, leading to rapid cavity formation. Patients with chronic dry mouth often develop cavities in unusual locations — at the gum line, on the roots of teeth, and on the edges of existing fillings. More frequent dental visits and preventive treatments are essential.

Treatment and Management

Saliva substitutes and mouth moisturizers. Prescription fluoride toothpaste and rinses to protect teeth. Increased water intake. Sugar-free gum or candy to stimulate saliva. Medication review with your physician — alternative medications may be available. Humidifier at night. Avoiding alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco. More frequent dental cleanings and checkups.